In recent decades, technological advancements have reshaped industries, particularly in communication, consumer electronics, and medical electronics. The rise of the industrial internet of things (IIoT) has been transformative, revolutionizing industrial processes. Accurate node localization within IIoT-enabled systems is crucial for operational efficiency and informed decision-making. This chapter introduces the 3D adaptive stochastic control algorithm (ASCA), designed explicitly for IIoT environments with machine learning capabilities, including convolutional neural networks. The algorithm leverages received signal strength indicator data and sophisticated machine learning algorithms to accurately determine node positions in a 3D industrial space, offering a cost-effective and energy-efficient alternative. Comparative evaluations show the superiority of the 3D ASCA algorithm, with an average localization error ranging from 0.37 to 0.7, surpassing benchmarks set by other algorithms.
TopIntroduction
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) stands as a transformative force at the intersection of industrial processes and cutting-edge digital technologies. In essence, IIoT represents the integration of intelligent devices, sensors, and machinery within industrial environments, creating a networked ecosystem where data is seamlessly collected, exchanged, and analysed. Unlike traditional industrial systems, IIoT introduces a paradigm shift by interconnecting physical assets with digital intelligence, enabling unprecedented levels of automation, efficiency, and real-time decision-making. At its core, IIoT empowers industries to harness the power of data, generating valuable insights that drive operational optimization and innovation. Through interconnected devices and robust communication protocols, IIoT enables the monitoring and control of industrial processes with a level of granularity and precision previously unattainable. This not only enhances productivity but also opens doors to new possibilities in predictive maintenance, supply chain optimization, and overall resource management. Security and interoperability are paramount in the IIoT landscape, as critical infrastructure and sensitive data become integral components of the interconnected network. As industries increasingly adopt IIoT solutions, there is a growing emphasis on developing standardized protocols and robust cyber security measures to safeguard against potential threats.
In this era of digital transformation, IIoT represents a catalyst for the next industrial revolution, where industries evolve into agile, data-driven ecosystems. As businesses navigate this dynamic landscape, the promise of IIoT lies in its ability to drive efficiency, innovation, and competitiveness across a spectrum of industrial sectors. The journey into the IIoT era signifies not just a technological shift but a fundamental reimagining of how industries operate, ushering in an era where connectivity and intelligence converge to redefine the possibilities of industrial processes. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) marks a revolutionary era in industrial landscapes, fusing traditional manufacturing and infrastructure with advanced digital technologies. At the heart of this transformation lies the seamless integration of intelligent devices, sensors, and machinery, creating a networked ecosystem where data flows ubiquitously. One of the pivotal applications within this paradigm is the integration of localization technologies with IIoT, redefining how industries manage and optimize their physical assets (Gillis, A.S., 2022).
In 2022, the industrial Internet of things (IIoT) industry was estimated to be worth over 544 billion US dollars worldwide. The market is anticipated to expand over the next several years, with a projected value of 3.3 trillion US dollars by 2030.