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Top1. Introduction
Current population explosion globally urges enlargement of industrial sectors resulting in pollution of water, air and soil. The discharge of pollutants into the environment from various industries poses a threat to living organisms resulting in a greater environmental stress. One such industry of rapid development is the Sugar industry & its distillery. The sugar industry is very much prone to emitting pollutants like bagasse ash which are causing more threat to environment. Concrete is one of the most commonly used construction materials in the world. It is basically composed of three components: cement, water and aggregates.
Cement plays a great role in the production of concrete and is the most expensive of all other concrete making materials. In addition, there is environmental concern in the production of cement. Due to this, requirements for more economical and environmental-friendly cementing materials have extended interest in partial cement replacement materials.
For this reason, bagasse ash, the by-product from burning sugar cane (or bagasse) as a fuel to heat steam for electricity generation as well as the sugar extraction process, has been chosen for further investigation. In general, bagasse ash is disposed of in landfills and is now becoming an environmental burden. Studies have revealed that, the presence of 10% - 20% bagasse ash in concrete gave a higher compressive strength than that of their control concrete at all ages, and the chemical deterioration of the blended cement was less than that of the control concrete due to the pozzolanic reaction induced permeability reduction of bagasse ash.
Similarly, due to growing agriculture, urban and industrial needs, water table in every continent are falling, by this the drinking water resources are becoming scare. It is suggested that with water, practical large-scale solution is to use the resources which are not currently efficient. The most widely used construction material is concrete, commonly made by mixing Portland cement with sand, crushed rock and water. Normal concrete contains about 70 percent aggregate, 20 percent cement and 10 percent mixing water by mass approximately. Concrete industry is consuming annually 1 billion tons of mixing water in the world. Moreover, large quantity of fresh water is used for curing of concrete. The concrete industry has therefore serious impact on the environment with regard to consumption of water. Therefore, there is a need to study alternative to fresh water for mixing and curing of the concrete.
The treated wastewater of hospital origin is being reused only for gardening and flushing of toilets in the hospital, which accounts for about 50% treated water. The remaining treated water is being let out into the sewers. So, in order to incorporate this wastage of treated water, there is need to study its other applications and reuses.
The aim of this paper is to study the compressive strength changes, containing ground bagasse ash and cured in treated domestic wastewater. The results are compared with the control concrete, i.e., concrete made using Portland cement as the sole cementitious material. This knowledge could be beneficial for using this type of waste product in concrete, especially regarding the durability and heat reduction in mass concrete and also reusing treated domestic wastewater.