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Top1. Introduction
Friction, however, may be either beneficial or counterproductive from a tribological perspective, depending on the method, procedure, or part. One common example is an automobile, where low friction values are desired to minimize energy losses in engine components (Menezes et al., 2013). The wear and tear of metal forming tools, as well as the amount of force required to operate them, are increased by friction (K.C. et al., 1996). Tool replacements occur more often, tolerances fluctuate as tools are sized, and more force is used to form the components, all of which result in increased costs. Hundreds of billions of dollars are lost each year as a result of tribology illiteracy. A tribological study's purpose is to reduce and eliminate friction and wear losses at all levels of technology where materials rub against each other (Laden et al., 2000). Wearing is a physiological response to a system, not a material attribute. High-friction interfaces are frequently mistakenly considered to have high wear rates. This isn't always the case. As an example, solid lubricants and polymers cause low friction but significant wear, while ceramics cause intermediate friction but extremely low wear (Ravikiran et al., 1997 & Chen et al., 2001).
Loganathan et al. (2021) studied about the effect of the solid lubricants are ZrB2 and hBN on dry sliding wear behaviour of the AA7075 composite synthesis by stir squeeze cast route. hBN particles formed a stable tribo film at a higher load reducing wear rate and coefficient of friction of AH composite. The tribo chemical reaction of AZH composite with environment forms a H3BO3 lubricating film reducing wear rate of composite. The transfer of tribo layer to the counter surface controlled the wear rate of AZH composite. Ayyanar et al. (2021) studied about the dry sliding wear behaviour of AA6061 and (B4C + h-BN)/AA6061 composites at high temperature (27 to 300 °C), and applied load of 15, 20, 30 and 45 N at constant sliding velocity and sliding distance of 2.2 m/s and 2500 m. The predominant wear of abrasive and adhesion occurred at room and elevated temperatures and low load conditions. Oxidative wear, plastic deformation, and delamination wear were operating with an increase in load and temperature.