Health Assessment Method of Equipment in Distribution Court Based on Big Data Analysis in the Framework of Distribution Network of Things

Introduction

With the continuous improvement of social living standards and the rapid development of social productivity, the demand for and the dependence on electricity are increasing and the requirements for power supply reliability are also increasing (Ai & Zhao, 2021). Due to the demand of intelligent power grid construction, the number and types of power grid equipment are increasing, and its shape and structure are becoming more and more complex; this increases the pressure for safe operation and maintenance, especially in the distribution network system that directly connects with customers in which many key technologies of intelligent operation, maintenance, and evaluation are facing serious challenges (Jg et al., 2022; Taghikhani & Afshar, 2021). Therefore, it is of great significance to evaluate the health status of the distribution network and equipment, not only to improve the efficiency of distribution network operation and maintenance, but also to build smart grids (Sun & Li, 2022).

As an important link in the construction of smart grid (SG), the distribution network (DN) connects directly with the end users and undertakes intermittent loads such as electric vehicles and the distributed power supply. Its complex network structure leads to its complex operating conditions, while the variety of equipment and the uneven quality level make the system unable to form a reliable structure (L. Li et al., 2021). With the continuous development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the power IoT (PIoT) has gradually become the key technology for building intelligent control in the station area (Wei et al., 2023). The PIoT uses various network communication technologies and information sensing technologies to identify, classify, and network node switches and to realize the connection, information interaction, and function realization between nodes (Z. Li et al., 2021). On the basis of data acquisition, the remote monitoring of station area is realized through protocol transmission and data analysis. The health status assessment of equipment in the distribution court is also based on the edge computing gateway hardware platform and sensor data, in-depth mining, and the analysis of status characteristics of distribution big data equipment, the assessment of equipment health status, and the early avoidance of power outages caused by equipment failures (C. Li et al., 2021; Liang et al., 2021).

At present, some studies the health status of the equipment (HSoE) in the distribution court have been carried out in China, but most of them are concentrated on the main equipment of the DN and mainly rely on the manual inspection and registration of equipment status data for evaluation. There is a lack of a systematic evaluation model and of evaluation indicators, and its accuracy and timeliness are relatively poor, which is not conducive to the promotion and application of large-scale the distribution network (Cano et al., 2022). As a real-time dynamic system, the HSoE in the distribution court is not only determined by its own operating conditions, but also greatly affected by the changes in the external environment and its own needs. Therefore, its evaluation system needs not only the theory and tools of the system but also the extension of the research object from the equipment to the network as well as the development of a data platform supporting the health theory of the distribution system (Envelope et al., 2022; Song et al., 2022). How to evaluate the overall health status of a large quantity of equipment and systems in the complex dynamic DN poses a key challenge in the development of SG.