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Top1. Introduction
Aluminum alloy is one of the most widely used on-ferrous metal structure materials in the current industries. It is widely used in aviation aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipping and chemical industries. With a rapid development and advancement in the science, technology and industry economy in recent years, the demand for welded structural parts of aluminum alloy is increasing day by day which makes the research of weldbility of aluminum alloy deepen. The wide applications of aluminum alloy have promoted the development of welding technology of aluminum alloys. At the same time, the development of welding technology has expanded in the application field of aluminum alloys. Therefore, the welding technology of aluminum alloys is becoming one of the hotspots of research. The peculiar properties of aluminum A-1050 alloy which make it more versatile like the weight, high machinability, high corrosion resistance, good conductivity and high thermal conductivity. A mixture of tribological, mechanical properties and low density are exhibited by aluminum alloys which made the alloys highly suitable for complicated metal manufacturing. Aluminum alloys can be operated for packaging functions in food industries, pistons production, making sumps of internal combusting engines, heads of the cylinder and electrical cables (Chapman, 1975) (Lancer, 1981)
Metal casting is the best technique used in the manufacturing process in which the liquid metal is teemed into the mould cavity and then allowed to cool or solidify in that cavity. Amongst each and every single manufacturing process, the casting procedure is reasonable due to its basic procedure. The casting feature is being influenced by the flow behaviour of the molten metal and other considerations of the process. Extra than 80% of the manufactured goods made nowadays days practice the casting methods (S.S. Mishra et al. 2015). The heat produced during casting of aluminum alloy varies between 650oC – 750oC. To know the subsequent pouring temperature required for the metal and alloy information on their melting temperature is required (Jain, 1986) (Dieter, 1981). Likewise, pouring temperature has a substantial outcome on the attribute of the cast achieved. Inferior pouring temperature than the ideal value, mould cavity will not be stopped because of the quick solidification of the riser and this leads to the disturbance in steering solidification. As soon as the pouring temperature is greater than the optimum rate, it will cause consequences such as casting contraction and wrapping of the mould (Grill, 1982) (Llewellyn, 1997) (Lancer, 1981). Most of the researchers implement ultrasonic and electromagnetic vibrations for their findings on the effects caused in the casting product and material (Abugh A et al. 2013) and (Jian X, 2016). Aspects such as mould surroundings, pouring temperature, vibration frequency and other parameters of the procedure have a specific outcome on the properties and microstructure of castings (Jackson K.A, 1958). Sokoloff et al. (2005) examined the mechanical vibration influence on the grain refinement and the development of the grain structure. Cambell et al. (1981) have researched the factors that can improve in the corrosion and mechanical properties on an alloy which that can be achieved by mechanical vibration only. Dommaschk et al. (2003) investigated and described that the consequences produced due to mechanical vibration on pure aluminum, Al-Si-Mg alloys along with other non-ferrous alloys. The researcher concentrated on the analysis of the grain refinement procedure and stated that the casting wall width will have reliance on characteristics of casting and could be minimized by using mechanical vibration. Pillai (2004) used extremely little frequency vibration on the study to find the effects on A356 and Al12Si alloy due to mechanical vibration. The researcher determined that the mechanical vibrations will tend to develop the density and elongation of the cast element. In appendage, the mechanical vibration can increase the composition circulation within the alloy and confine the expansion to a little extent (Zhu J, 2014) (Xie J et al.,2016)