Efficient Initialization for the Adaptive LMS Beamforming Algorithm

Efficient Initialization for the Adaptive LMS Beamforming Algorithm

Aounallah Naceur
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 10
DOI: 10.4018/IJAEC.315635
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Abstract

In spite of the great progress in research work related to the smart antenna field, obtaining an efficient beamforming technique with low complexity, fast converge, and better other performance remains the preferred objective of most researchers. The present work proposes a new version of least mean square (LMS) approach for the beamforming of smart antenna array. The novelty of the proposed algorithm versus its basic version is focalized in its dependence on a new initialization technique, whose aim is to accelerate convergence speed and maintain, at the same time, the algorithm simplicity. The central idea of the proposed technique, which is named new initialized LMS (NI-LMS), is to compute an initial weight vector using only a diagonal matrix extracted from the spatial auto-covariance matrix. Simulation examples are carried out on linear antenna array to demonstrate and validate the effectiveness of the new method. In addition, the computational complexity of the new proposition is analyzed and compared to that of the conventional LMS beamforming approach.
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2. Literature Review

Generally, Smart antennas combine the antenna array with signal processing capability to optimize automatically the beam pattern in response to the received signal through beamforming. This last is defined as a signal processing technique employing antenna arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. Complex weights are calculated using adaptive beamforming techniques and then multiplied with the user signal to adjust its magnitude and phase and thus to optimize it. This causes the antenna array output to maximize transmission or reception in a particular direction and to minimize the output in other direction. Several adaptive beamforming methods are available in the literature for smart antenna and wireless communication, among them, most popular are the LMS, the Recursive Least Squares (RLS), the Sample Matrix Inversion (SMI) and the Conjugate Gradient Method (CGM) algorithms (Dakulagi & Alagirisamy, 2020). Furthermore, the LMS suffers from certain restriction when applied in some wireless communications due to its slow convergence (Deng et al, 2018).

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