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Top1. Introduction
Cloud computing has risen as a significant technological framework for delivering on-demand accessibility for different requirements in the context of equipment, applications, connectivity, and memory (Cao, et al., 2019). The cloud computing framework, therefore, facilitates the organizations through alleviating them from its extended task of network construction and highly focuses on third-party IT providers (Li, et al., 2018; Deng, et al., 2018). In addition, the cloud computing framework has shown tremendous potential for improving the collaboration between multiple healthcare stakeholders to ensure the sustained availability of treatment outcomes and scalability. In recent times, PHR has risen as a patient-centric method for sharing health-related information (Li, et al., 2013; Wang, et al., 2019). Similarly, SNS allow users to engage with one another while sharing personal profiles and messages (Kim et al., 2019). The PHR service would help the patients to prepare, monitor, and record their health information in one location across the internet, making it more convenient to store, access, and exchange medical details (Bao, et al., 2017). Furthermore, the PHR service is very well used in chronic diseases like asthma (Leonardi, et al., 2015), cystic fibrosis (Parisi, et al., 2013), obstructive respiratory disease (Manti, et al., 2019), laryngeal cancer (Caronia, et al., 2016) and also it is utilized in Covid-19 (Bojja, et al., 2020) situations.
Furthermore, the cloud often incorporates various essential healthcare sector entities for patients and medical persons including surgeons, nurses, hospitals, and clinical research workers, insurance companies, and service providers (Li, et al., 2019). The implementation of the aforementioned entities leads to the cost-effective development and collaborative health ecosystem, in which the patients can develop and manage the PHRs easily. Even though it is easy to provide PHR facilities to everyone, still there are protection and privacy threats that might impede its widespread adoption (Ying, et al., 2018; Liang and Susilo, 2015). The key issue is that the patients do monitor the distribution of their confidential PHI and if it is held on a third-party website, the person does not trust it entirely. On the other hand, the healthcare regulations include HIPAA is currently been revised to accommodate company partners, cloud vendors (Xue and Hong, 2014). To ensure patient-centric privacy protection in their PHRs, the fine-grained data network access systems have been worked with semi-trusted servers (Tao, et al., 2020; Yang, et al., 2016).