Detection of Antibiotic Constituent in Aspergillus flavus Using Quantum Convolutional Neural Network

Introduction

Influenza is one of the lethal epidemics in the history of mankind and its variant human influenza A virus was discovered way back in the year 1933. Subsequently with its invention, health care management systems are continually thriving to combat it with enormous evolutions and gigantic efforts leading to different kinds of developments in the field of medicine. One such development concentrated in the area of molecular biology that lead to the invention of an anti influenza drug called pyrazine in the year 1980. However, with the adaptations to the conditions, the growth of virus kept mutating leading to several secondary infections in human beings out of which pneumonia is a well recorded one (Adalja et al., 2011). These complications further raise several challenges to health organizations and pharmaceutical organization to undergo continuous research and development in production of anti-bacterial drug to battle against them. Molecules bearing pyrazine moiety play important roles in pharmaceutical industry and have shown interesting antibacterial activities. Pyrazine nucleus have shown numerous pharmaceutical effects and one among them is fungal antibiotic (Aspergillic acid) (Wang et al., 2020). Based on spreading rate of Influenza, it is very crucial to also vary the dosage of antibiotics for effective treatment and manage their complications. Hence, it is very important for health management systems to electronically track the variations in the spread of disease and also to effectively communicate with pharmaceutical organizations. These dosages can be varied at the source of antibiotic production (Aspergillic acid) in the case of Aspergillus flavus’ maturity cycle.

Aspergillus flavus is a commonly occurring fungus that is uniformly distributed across the entire planet. It forms to be one of the abundant and the wildly living fungus which all plants and animals depend upon. Being saprotrophic and pathogenic in nature, it acts as a primary reason for root rot in many legumes and other fruit bearing variety of plants. The genus flavus indicates the fungus is yellow in nature possessing yellowish tanned spores for growth. The toxin in these fungi can cause aspergillosis for immunocompromised humans. Aspergillus Flavus fulfills its entire life cycle in three main stages that last from fifteen to seventeen days. The primary stage is a spore launch stage of the fungus where it forms a greenish that last about five days. The secondary stage is the growing stage where the fungus establishes dominance over the growth medium which lasts to about five to six days. The final stage is the maturity stage in which the fungus nearly completes its life cycle and makes itself ready for the next generation by spreading spores around its vicinity. The first two stages are non-toxic to humans whereas the third stage can cause minor side effects to normal individuals. The last stage of the fungus is of keen interest among scientists due to the structure of the fungi. During this stage the fungus produces an acidic structure that increases the pH of the growing area thereby eliminating other co-existing lifeforms (Bhatnagar et al., 2014; Samanta et al., 2020).