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Context is a key issue in the interaction between users and mobile devices, describing the surrounding facts that add meanings and can be used for additional personalization of a system. Location can be regarded as one important part of the context. Schmidt, Beigl, and Gellersen (1999) provide a working model for context. At the top level of this model, they propose two contexts related to human factors in the widest sense and physical environment respectively. Human factors related context is structured into three categories: information on the user (i.e., knowledge of habits), the user’s social environment (i.e., co-location of others, social interaction), and the user’s tasks. Likewise, context related to physical environment is structured into three categories: location (i.e., absolute position, relative position), infrastructure (i.e., surrounding resources for computation), and physical conditions (i.e., noise, light). Furthermore, how context relates to requirements specification and analysis and design of mobile information system was discussed in Krogstie (2001) and Krogstie et al. (2003).
The authors in Krogstie et al. (2003) categorize context as follows: