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Top1. Introduction
To compete in today’s volatile environment, firms are increasingly attempting to generate, collect and transform their data into actionable knowledge (Delen & Demirkan, 2013). In response, business intelligence (BI) is designed to resolve special problems business and managerial decision-making issues (Martins, Oliveira, & Popovič, 2013; Petrini & Pozzebon, 2009). Put simply, Vukšić, Bach, and Popovič (2013) believed that BI is targeted to analyze the available information and turned them into valuable knowledge to abate informational needs. Previous studies have completely shown the importance of using BI as one of the main concerns of most chief information officers (CIO) (Howson, 2008; Işık, Jones, & Sidorova, 2012).
Alongside all benefits discussed in previous research, it should be noticed that BI implementation may impose significant costs (Rasmussen, Goldy, & Solli, 2002). The outcome of Ramamurthy, Sen, and Sinha (2008) study, also revelead the fact that attempting to adopt and implement BI within an organization environment require a tremendous cost which should be considered precisely. Thus, given to the remarkable costs, it is better for organizations to focus on different aspect of this issue, as well as consider influential factors associated with adoption process (Ravasan & Savoji, 2014).
Previously, several studies have been conducted to explore different factors which may affect the information systems adoption decision such as e-procurement (Teo, Lin, & Lai, 2009), e-commerce (Al-Qirim, 2008; Grandon & Pearson, 2004), e-business (Zhu & Kraemer, 2005), data warehouse (Hwang, Ku, Yen, & Cheng, 2004; Ramamurthy et al., 2008), customer relationship management (CRM) (Hung, Hung, Tsai, & Jiang, 2010), knowledge management (KM) (Xu & Quaddus, 2012), electronic data interchange (EDI) (Kuan & Chau, 2001). However, relatively few attempts have been conducted to determine the influencing factors associated with the adoption of BI systems. Thus, in considering the rapid increase in the amount of data throughout the organization and also with regard to the importance of managerial decision making, it is obvious that determining the most appropriate factors in terms of BI adoption have a deep impact on the decision to employ it (Hou, 2013, 2014). Further, it will be necessary for organizations as a strategic, broad map to take the proper action in the way of BI adoption.
As a result, the main objective of this study is to examine the adoption factors which affect on BI implementations in the financial industry in the context of Iran. Specifically, the paper seeks to address the following research question.
RQ1: What are the key tailored factors related to the adoption of BI systems regarding technology, organization, and environment (TOE) framework?
RQ2: What are the major differences between adopters and non-adopters groups in the relationship with BI adoptive construct?
In response to the above research questions, this study attempts to identify the critical factors influencing the adoption of BI in the financial sector from the different perspective through survey data. Finally, there are several important contributions to IT adoption literature as follows:
• It offers a model incorporating a set of technological, organizational, and environmental in BI adoption that is validated using partial least squares (PLS).
• It provides an insightful understanding for enterprises to the forefront importance of perceived tangible and intangible benefits in BI adoption.
• We target a large number of financial services include banking and insurance enterprises to validate the research model and hypotheses, which had been spotted not so obviously in the past.